Gladstone Investment Corporation operates as a Business Development Company (BDC), focusing its investment activities on established, lower middle-market businesses. The firm primarily engages in funding company buyouts and refinancing existing debt. Its investment portfolio includes a broad spectrum of debt instruments, such as senior loans, various types of subordinated debt (including senior and junior subordinated notes, and mezzanine financing), as well as equity interests like limited liability company stakes, warrants, and options.